Maths focus: Money

Before using any coins, it might be a good idea to wash and disinfect them, so they are clean.

Learning Intention:

To recognise 1/2/5/10/20p coins.

To understand that a 2p coin is equal to 2x1p coins, a 5p coin is equal to 5x1p coins etc.

To use money to buy items.

To use money and addition to buy more than one item.

To understand the concept of change.

Key vocabulary: pence/p, notes, cost, price, how much, coin, the names of coins up to 20p, pay, spend/spent, total, altogether makes, amount, left/ leaves, change.

Below are some activities you can do over the course of the week.

They have been written as a progression of skills, so work at your own child’s pace and repeat activities your child needs to further develop. Do not feel you have to complete all of the activities.

You can do one or a few each day. You can also repeat activities in order to help your child to fully understand the concepts of money (including addition), or if your child has particularly enjoyed them.

Starter Activity:

Recite numbers up to 20.

Count backwards from 10 to 0. When your child can do this confidently, move onto counting backwards from 20 to 0.

Activity:

Talk about what money is used for, e.g. buy things (food/ toys/clothes/ furniture/ books/ presents/ shoes/ petrol for cars/ buy tickets for cinema etc./ to visit places, e.g. zoo, fair/ travel on the train, bus, aeroplane/ to pay for holidays etc.

Money is made up of coins and notes (show children examples if have them or pictures). Can also use debit/credit cards- money you have is used to pay when you use the card.

Money is kept in a bank. Can get bit out by going into the bank and going to a cashier or by using an automated money machine (show children a picture or point one out, if you see one, when out for a walk).

This week the focus is on 1/2/5/10/20p coins.

Activity:

 Coin recognition

“The Money Song” (1/2/5/10p coins): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFzAU3u06Ps

Look at a 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p and 20p coin, one at a time. Describe its shape, colour, features.

Place the coins on a table/ground and ask your child to find a specific coin.

Or

Spread the coins on the ground. Play some music for your child to move/dance to and when the music stops, ask your child to find a specific coin

Or

Place the coins at the end of an obstacle course (could be moving around objects or could include something to run around, go over, go under, balance along etc.) Ask your child to follow the obstacle course and come back with a specific coin.

Cut up pieces of paper and write 1p on one, 2p on another, 5p on another……do the same for 10p and 20p. Place the coins on a table/ the ground and place the pieces of paper face down. Your child turns over a piece of paper and has to match it with the correct coin.

You could also write 1 pence, 2 pence, 5 pence etc.

Do the above more than once if your child needs to work on their recognition of the coins.

Your child could do rubbings of the different coins to help them to recognise their features. Place a piece of paper over a coin and use a crayon or pencil to colour over the coin. Do both sides and discuss the rubbings/ patterns afterwards.

Activity:

Shopping with 1/2/5/10/20p coins.

If you do not have the correct coins, then draw the right shapes and sizes for the different coins out of paper or card. Colour them in, if you have the right colours, and/or write 1p or 2p etc. on the right shaped coin

Create a shop- it might be a toy shop or a grocery shop or a supermarket or a shop of your choice. Find the items you want in your shop and write prices on paper to cut up and attach to your objects. For example, if it is a toy shop, write a 1p label for a small car, a 2p label for a book, a 5p label for a doll/superhero figure, a 10p label for a puzzle and a 20p label for a ball. Write 1/2/5/10/20p labels for other items.

Support your child to write a price list. Draw a picture of the items and write the price next to it. Do the same for the rest.

Give your child the coins, ask him/her what s/he wants to buy and then ask them to give you the correct coin. Ask the questions: Which item do you want to buy? How much is it? Which coin do you need to pay with? How do you know that is the right coin?

Let your child be the shopkeeper and you the customer.

The whole family can play this game.

Play this game more than once if your child needs to work on their recognition of the coins.

Activity:

How many 1p coins make 2/5/10p

You will need at least ten and, if possible, 20 1p coins, a 2p, 5p and 10p coin. Or use the paper ones made for the previous activity and make some more.

1. Place a 1p coin on the table.

   Underneath place a 2p coin and then two 1p coins next to it. Explain that a 2p coin

   is the same as two 1p coins. Use fingers to support your child’s understanding.

       Underneath the 2p coin, place a 5p coin and five 1p coins next to it. Explain that a

       5p coin is the same as five 1p coins. Use fingers to support your child’s

       understanding.

       Underneath the 5p coin, place a 10p coin and ten 1p coins next to it. Explain that a

       10p coin is the same as five 1p coins. Use fingers to support your child’s  

       understanding.

       If you have enough coins, do the same for a 20 pence, placing ten 1p coins in a line

       and then ten 1p coins underneath it (20= 2 lots of ten 1 pences).

1. Using the shop items from yesterday let your child go shopping as the customer Place a 2p/5p/10p/20p coins and the selection of 1p coins on a table/ on the ground. Ask your child to choose an item to buy and then to pay for it. For example, if s/he buys something for 2 pence, ask your child, “How are you going to pay for it?” If s/he uses a 2p coin, accept it and then ask him/her how they will pay for the item now there is no 2p coin. Support your child, if necessary, to pay using two 1p coins. Ask him/her, “How do you know?” Encourage your child to say, “1pence and 1pence altogether makes 2 pence” or “2 pence is the same as 1pence and 1 pence” or something similar in their own words.

Repeat the shopping activity by buying something for 5p and 10 pence.

Repeat this activity until your child is confidently buying the items with the correct coin and the correct amount of 1p coins.

The whole family can play. Swap over so your child is the shopkeeper and you are the customer.

“The Money Song for children”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-d5n3ltpwg

Activity:

Shopping using 1p coins (addition) for items ranging from 1p to 10 pence.

Set up a shop (can still be a toy shop or you might want to make a different type). This time label the items with different prices, e.g. 3p/4p/8p/9p etc. Where a single coin cannot be used.

Support your child to write a price list. Draw a picture of the items and write the price next to it. Do the same for the rest.

Using the shop items let your child be the customer. Place as many 1p coins as you have on a table/ on the ground. Ask your child to choose an item to buy and then to pay for it. For example, if s/he buys something for 4 pence, ask your child, “How are you going to pay for it?” Support your child as and when necessary.

Repeat for other items.

Swap roles so your child can also be the shopkeeper.

Activity:

Money rhyme (addition) :

“5 Currant Buns in a Baker’s Shop”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mi79hRcSXI or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHbxlCqiZC

Make 5 currant buns together (out of paper, card or any other material you have at home) to use during this activity and you will also need a 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p and a number of 1p coins.

Words:

Five currant buns in a baker's shop, 
Round and fat with a cherry on top. 
Along came a boy with a penny one day, 
Bought a currant bun and took it away.

FOUR currant buns in a baker's shop, 
Round and fat with a cherry on top. 
Along came a girl with a penny one day, 
Bought a currant bun and took it away.

THREE currant buns in a baker's shop, 
Round and fat with a cherry on top. 
Along came a boy with a penny one day, 
Bought a currant bun and took it away.

TWO currant buns in a baker's shop, 
Round and fat with a cherry on top. 
Along came a girl with a penny one day, 
Bought a currant bun and took it away.

ONE currant bun in a baker's shop, 
Round and fat with a cherry on top. 
Along came a boy with a penny one day, 
Bought a currant bun and took it away. 
Bought a currant bun and took it away!

Add up the total spent each time, e.g. 1p add 1p altogether makes 2p, 2p add 1p altogether makes 3p etc.

Or

You can ask your child to find different coins each time, e.g. first verse find 1 pence, 2^nd verse find 2 pence, third verse find 5 pence, fourth verse find 10 pence and fifth verse find 20 pence

Or

Place a number of 1 pence coins on the table/ground and each time say a different amount, e.g. 4 pence and you child has to use the correct number of 1p coins to make that amount. At the end ask your child to find the total amount by adding up all the 1p coins.

This activity can be repeated every day using the same coins or the different ideas above.

Activity:

Money addition (using only 1 pence coins):

Using the shop, now ask your child to be the customer and choose 2 items to buy. To pay for one item using only 1p coins, then to pay for the other item using only 1p coins. Then adding the two amounts to find the total. Encourage your child to count on from the first amount and not to go back to 1. For example, if the first item was 3p and the second item was 2p, encourage your child to count on from 3…4, 5. Then to put that into a calculation, “3 pence add 2 pence altogether makes 5 pence….the total is 5 pence.” Ask your child to record this calculation.

Repeat for other items.

Add 3 items together.

Ask your child to write a shopping list and then to go to the shop to buy the items and then to use the 1p coins to find the total amount/cost.

*Children who are using 1p coins confidently, might want to move on to using different coins to make amounts, e.g. using a 2p and a 1p coin to make 3p. (Encourage your child to use the language, “2 pence add 1 pence makes 3 pence.”

Children can use their fingers to support the adding up process.

Or

Making 5 pence using a 2p, a 2p and a 1p coin (“2 add 2 makes 4 and 1 more makes 5”) or a 2p coin and three 1p coins (“2 add1 makes 3, add 1 more makes 4, add 1 more makes 5 altogether.”)

Activity:

Shopping (addition, using only 1p coins)

Using the shop, give your child ten 1p coins. Ask them to buy two items and find the total. Then ask them to tell you how much money they have left. Repeat so the child develops this skill.

Or

Give your child ten 1p coins and ask them to spend it all and see which items s/he can buy. Children will need to work out which items add up to a total of 10p. Support when necessary and ask questions, such as: How much will those toys cost when added together? How can you work out the total? Was that enough? Was that too much? What can you buy instead? How can you record what you have spent?

*Let your child make mistakes and try to solve his/her problems before offering help. Provide prompts.

Repeat the above activities with different amounts.

* If your child can do the above activities using a combination of different coins to make the price of each item. Children can use their fingers to support the adding up process.

Activity:

Purple Mash:

1. Login
2. Click on the Mathematics picture.
3. Scroll down to Maths City 1 (picture of the rocket)
4. Click on “Launch App.”
5. Click on the toy box picture (top centre)
6. When you have chosen the game to play, remember to click on the ? (top right-hand side) and the game will be explained and modelled.
   • 1st picture- takes you to a toy shop and the shop assistant explains her job.
   • 3rd picture- children role-playing in a pretend shop.
   • 4^th picture- 3 shopping activities and a song.

               1^st shopping activity involves shopping using different amounts of1p coins

               2^nd shopping activity involves shopping using different coins to make amounts

               3^rd shopping activity involves shopping for more than one item and adding the amounts together.